Writing Topic １
Your city has decided to build a statue or monument to honor a famous person in your country. Who would you choose? Use reasons and specific examples to support your choice.
Let’s Think
Very few people are commemorated with statues. How many statues of real figures can you name; Washington, Lincoln, Martin Luther King Jr., and …? The person should be special as well as famous. Washington was the first President of the United States. Lincoln helped end the slavery. Martin Luther King Jr. peacefully fought against discrimination and sacrificed his life for the purpose. We think these people were so important that we want to keep their statues, the most effective way to remember them.
Who were/are such people in your country? Who were/are famous and special? Who contributed to your society so much as to be commemorated with a statue?
Notes:
1) Since the topic gives no definition about how famous the person should be, as long as a number of people know the person, and even if the person is not world-famous, you can say the person you chose is famous.
2) If you do not remember the name of the person, you could put it this way: I would choose the person who invented blue, green, and white LED (Light-Emitting Diode).
☆Your short response:
I would choose … , who is a …(occupation) .
… is famous for …
What is special about … is that …
Ideas and Expressions
Industrialists
Son Masayoshi: (1957 - ) A businessman and the founder and chief executive officer of SoftBank. He is also a philanthropist. He donated 10 billion yen to the victims of the recent megaquake and has promised to donate to them all of his income every year. In addition, he has taken initiatives of Japan’s shift to a society based on safe and sustainable energy sources.
Ando Momofuku: (1910 - 2007) A businessman who founded Nissin Food Products Co., Ltd. He is famed as the inventor of instant noodles and cup noodles. He invented Chiken Ramen to help people struggling to get food in the aftermath of WWII. He kept donating cup noodles to the people in poor countries and disaster-stricken areas.
Other names: Matsushita Konosuke, Honda Sōichirō
Historical Figures
Fukuzawa Yukichi : (1834 - 1901) An author, writer, teacher, translator, entrepreneur and political theorist who founded Keio University. His ideas about government and social institutions made a lasting impression on a rapidly changing Japan during the Meiji Era. He is regarded as one of the founders of modern Japan.
Sakamoto Ryōma: (1836 - 1867) A leader of the movement to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate during the Bakumatsu period in Japan.
Other names: Ito Hirobumi, Sugita Genpaku, Yoshida Shoin, Katsu Kaishu, Ino Tadataka,
Cultural Figures
Miyazaki Hayao : (1941-) A Japanese manga artist and prominent film director and animator of many popular anime feature films. Miyazaki has attained international acclaim as a maker of animated feature films. Miyazaki's films often incorporate recurrent themes like humanity's relationship to nature and technology, and the difficulty of maintaining a pacifist ethic. Miyazaki is a vocal critic of capitalism and globalization.
Ozaki Yutaka (1965 - 1992) A popular Japanese musician. He is ranked at No. 23 in a list of Japan's top 100 musicians by HMV.
Other names: Yosano Akiko, Kurosawa Akira, Miyazawa Kenji, Murasaki Shikibu, Natsume Soseki , Akutagawa Ryunosuke, Tezuka Osamu, Matsuo Basho, Ikkyu, Dazai Osamu
Athlets
Suzuki Ichiro : (1973-) A Major League Baseball right fielder for the Seattle Mariners. Ichiro has established a number of batting records, including the sport's single-season record for hits with 262. He has had ten consecutive 200-hit seasons, the longest streak by any player. He has been voted onto ten All-Star teams by the fans. Ichiro has won a Gold Glove award in each of his first ten years in the major leagues.
Uemura Naomi: (1941 - 1984) Ａ Japanese adventurer. He was particularly well known for doing alone what had previously been achieved only with large teams. For example, he was the first person ever to reach the North Pole solo, the first ever to raft the Amazon solo, and the first ever to climb Mount McKinley solo.
Other names: Krumm Date Kimiko, Ishikawa Ryo, Shimizu Hiroyasu, Arakawa Shizuka, Miura Kazu, Matsui Hideki, Antonio Inoki, Shohei “Giant” Baba
Writing Topic 2
People recognize a difference between children and adults. What events (experiences or ceremonies) make a person an adult? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.
Let’s Think
The status of being an adult probably has three aspects: legal, biological and social aspects. Legal adulthood is obvious, the Coming of Age Day marks your adulthood. Biologically, if you have or have reached the age of the ability to reproduce, you are an adult. However, words like “monster/helicopter parents” show that legal or biological adulthood is not enough to make someone an adult. Monster/helicopter parents are so called partly because they are not mentally independent from their children, so “mental independence” can be one condition for adulthood. What events make a person mentally independent? What other social factors determine one’s adulthood? What other events give children acquire those social factors?
Note: The question specifically says, “What events (experiences or ceremonies),” and so you are required to cite specific events and experiences that cause transformation from childhood to adulthood.
Ideas and Expressions
Economic independence: Money is not everything, but money very often decides relationships. As long as your parents are paying for what is necessary for your survival, they treat you as such, someone in their custody. Also, until you start taking care of yourself moneywise, you are not fully responsible for yourself and hence you are not full-fledged as a member of society. Getting a job makes someone economically independent.
Mental independence: Even if economically not independent, many people are looked upon as adults. For example, a woman whose illness does not allow her to support herself can be mentally mature. She can be respected by others for her strong self-restriction, wisdom, and abundant love for others. Therefore, events that develop these qualities can be said to make a person an adult. Experiencing love which is strong enough to set the beloved free or loss of your family member that makes you think what life and relationships are all about might be some of such events.
Mind development: Childish people are those who are selfish, impatient, and thoughtless. They do not understand that they are members of society, do not have respect for others, and embarrass themselves by following impulses without thinking of the results. Then people who are less childish, who do these things less often, can be called adults. An event or events that intensively expose a child to the adult world, or community, might help this maturation, such as participating in community projects or joining the Boy Scouts.
Reliability: Parents stop, either consciously or unconsciously, giving directions to their children when they realize that their children know what to do and so their directions are unnecessary and that they would probably get better results if they leave everything to their children. This usually happens after events like their children being assigned an important job in community, at school, or in their work places. Through taking responsibility, children become adults, who know everything necessary and what should be done in any situation.
☆Your short response:
I think a person becomes an adult when …
This is because …
Sample short response:
I think a person becomes an adult when an event makes the person stop blaming others.
This is because if you an adult, you know and accept the fact that basically no one can fully care about you. Of course we help each other and love each other as humans, but on a personal level, you have to protect yourself in the end. Parents, even if they might do everything to cajole their child to eat carrots, are helpless if she does not eat the food that she does not like. A wife cannot be fully aware of her husband’s health not matter how much she loves him. When the child grows up to be physically weak, when the husband develops skin cancer because of his love of sunshine, they cannot blame anybody but themselves. An adult is a person who takes this sheer personal responsibility for granted. Therefore, when you see your best friend, a really good person, panic at an earthquake and run out of the room leaving you behind, you are one step closer to your adulthood.
2011年6月29日水曜日
2011年6月24日金曜日
Supersonic/Electronic Weapon 不特定多数による長期にわたる原因不明の嫌がらせ（６）
2011/06/24 Slept 2:30-7:00 (4.5 hours). My head making a round move on my pillow woke me up. I do not know if it was a natural fit or a fit caused by the electric shock attack. When I woke up, the fluorescent light like flash phenomenon was strong. The usual non-shaped features you see when you close your eyes were rhythmically waving and the noises in my head were loud and wavy.
The phenomenon of the eyesight continued all day. When reading, I quickly get tired because letters are dancing or vibrating in a very fine frequency. I noticed this when I last took TOEIC (at the end of last month).
Got a cell-phone because I got my summer schedule of my working place and found it very tight. Since I go to many school branches and have many kinds of classes during this summer, I thought it was better to have a phone for schedule changes or additions.
The phenomenon of the eyesight continued all day. When reading, I quickly get tired because letters are dancing or vibrating in a very fine frequency. I noticed this when I last took TOEIC (at the end of last month).
Got a cell-phone because I got my summer schedule of my working place and found it very tight. Since I go to many school branches and have many kinds of classes during this summer, I thought it was better to have a phone for schedule changes or additions.
2011年6月23日木曜日
Supersonic/Electronic Weapon 不特定多数による長期にわたる原因不明の嫌がらせ（６）
I have been feeling dull pain behind eyeballs, always see fluorescent-light like flashes when I get up, when I see the dark, and right after I close my eyes, and tired (could not keep standing while taking a shower over the last two days and have not been able to balance myself when doing steps during morning 3-minute exercise for about a month or so).
2011/06/19 Slept 2:30-7:00 (4.5 hours). Attacks and eye-flashing (the phenomenon I see fluorescent-light like flashes when I get up, see the dark and right after I close my eyes).
2011/06/20 Slept 1:00-10:00 (9 hours). Attacks and eye-flashing.
2011/06/21 Slept 3:00-10:00 (7 hours). Attacks and eye-flashing.
2011/06/22 Slept 4:00-7:00 (3 hours). Attacks and eye flashes.
Could not sleep till 3:00 because of the persistent electric shock attacks, especially on my head. When I put my head away from the usual spot (right above the refrigerator and a small shelf in the kitchen), a drilling beam-like electric shock came to my head and my right arm had a fit. I put my head back and put my leg on that spot and the leg got the fit. Also, my whole lower bottom got a funny ticklish sensation.
In the evening, when I was resting on a chair in front of a table fixed to the wall facing the next room with lights off, a shock came on my head. It was exactly the same as I have been often feeling when I was going to bed recently. Then a stronger one came. I ignored both, and then a much stronger one came. All of them were accompanied by a noise that sounded like Goh! I could not keep standing while taking a shower.
2011/06/23 Slept 1:00-10:00 (9 hours). Attacks and eye flashes. Felt better than the last few days.
2011/06/19 Slept 2:30-7:00 (4.5 hours). Attacks and eye-flashing (the phenomenon I see fluorescent-light like flashes when I get up, see the dark and right after I close my eyes).
2011/06/20 Slept 1:00-10:00 (9 hours). Attacks and eye-flashing.
2011/06/21 Slept 3:00-10:00 (7 hours). Attacks and eye-flashing.
2011/06/22 Slept 4:00-7:00 (3 hours). Attacks and eye flashes.
Could not sleep till 3:00 because of the persistent electric shock attacks, especially on my head. When I put my head away from the usual spot (right above the refrigerator and a small shelf in the kitchen), a drilling beam-like electric shock came to my head and my right arm had a fit. I put my head back and put my leg on that spot and the leg got the fit. Also, my whole lower bottom got a funny ticklish sensation.
In the evening, when I was resting on a chair in front of a table fixed to the wall facing the next room with lights off, a shock came on my head. It was exactly the same as I have been often feeling when I was going to bed recently. Then a stronger one came. I ignored both, and then a much stronger one came. All of them were accompanied by a noise that sounded like Goh! I could not keep standing while taking a shower.
2011/06/23 Slept 1:00-10:00 (9 hours). Attacks and eye flashes. Felt better than the last few days.
Class Supplement, TOEFL Essay, Pre-Summer 1
Writing Topic １
What invention in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country?
Let’s Think
The questions of the same type as today’s topic are as follows:
♦The twentieth century saw great change. In your opinion, what is one change that should be remembered about the twentieth century? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.
♦What discovery in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
(Note: The difference between discovery and invention is that you discover something that has existed all the time but you did not know it was there till then, while you invent something that did not exist before. For example, Newton discovered gravity while Bell invented a telephone.)
It is rather easy to think of the answer for this type of question. For today’s question, you can easily come up with inventions like computers, cell-phones, or jet planes. Probably the difficult part is to explain why, but remember, the hints are in the questions. In this case, the hints are the words “change” and “most beneficial.” They are related to great moments in history: the story of before and after the invention / change / discovery. What is expected in your essay is probably the description of how great something is, in other words, in what way and how much it has benefited society, human life, or the environment.
☆Your short response:
I think … has been most beneficial for people in my country in the last 100 years.
Before the invention of …,
However, after the advent of …,
Ideas and Expressions
♦the computer: speed, huge memory, accuracy, versatility (calculation word processing, internet search, etc.), ubiquity, gave birth to social media
♦the cell-phone: handy, has many functions
♦the commercial airplane: accelerated our life, made the world smaller
Sample short response:
I think the Internet has been the most beneficial for people in my country in the last 100 years.
Before the invention of the Internet, the information was something that was provided by authorities in limited amounts.
However, after the advent of the Internet, most information on this planet has become available to anyone. Also, it has become possible for anyone to provide information to the public quite easily.
Now let’s not forget that the superlative, “most beneficial,” requires you to show why you think people have benefitted from a particular invention more than they have from the other inventions, why you chose not the microwave, which has benefited many of us, oven but the computer. One way to do this might be to point out the phenomenon it has caused that the others have not.
☆Your short response:
… has been most beneficial to our society in that…
Its impact on our society was so great that …
Ideas and Expressions
♦the computer: changed our lifestyle – We cannot go back to life before computers. / Many things have become outdated (typewriters, CDs, stationery, paper dictionary, encyclopedia, etc)
♦the cell-phone: changed our way of communication – We talk to people in person less often. / We can bond with large numbers of people easily.
♦the commercial airplane: changed our life plans – People are ready to move to places far away from home. / People spend more time abroad on vacations.
Sample short response:
The Internet has been most beneficial to our society in that it has decentralized information management.
Its impact on our society was so great that no one in our society now live absolutely independent from the Internet.
Writing Topic 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics.
Let’s Think
If a statement says that A is more than B, and if you disagree with this statement, you are to prove either A equals B or A is less than B:【A > B】⇔【A = B】or【A < B】. Therefore, if you disagree with the statement that it is more important for students to study history and literature that it is for them to study science and mathematics, you are to prove either both are equally important or the latter is more important than the former.
Is studying science and mathematics equally important to or more important than studying history and literature? What if school taught neither science nor mathematics? Would there be any problems?
Ideas and Expressions
Agree:
♦Humanity is related to all people while science is only for experts. A discovery of a 1-meter-long Cambrian shrimp fossil cannot be a common conversation topic while Pyramid excavation can.
♦An office worker without scientific knowledge is just boring but a scientist without knowledge of human nature and historical lessons is dangerous.
Disagree:
♦Without basic knowledge of math and science, you could not lead a daily life with confidence. You would not be able to use spreadsheet and neither would you understand the importance of vaccination or seat belts.
♦Science and mathematics answer important questions we ask such as what is life or what is universe.
♦To have a good perception of current social problems, we need to have some basic knowledge of science and math (e.g. global warming).
☆Your short response:
I agree / disagree with the statement that it is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics
because …
Essay for Ideas and Expressions
I do not think it is less important for students to study science and mathematics than for them to study history and literature. Without having some basic knowledge of science and mathematics, we cannot lead our daily lives, have better perception of ourselves and the universe, and face our future problems with determination.
Today’s world is heavily based on science. It is now difficult to survive or function well without knowing the meaning of basic scientific terms such as virus or electricity. Ignorance of these words will cause problems or even death. For an office worker, the fundamental idea of calculus is necessary to use the most prevalent computer programs such as Excel. Science and math are now so finely woven into our lives that we do not even realize that we use them all the time.
It might be generally believed that history and literature deal with humans while science and mathematics deal with the physical world. However, science and math help develop the study of humanity in significant ways. Geology and chemistry help trace back through history, and astronomy, physics, and mathematics attempt to know the origin and the shape of the universe. Biology has made clear that all life is related (DNA, the theory of evolution, etc.), and zoology has questioned the conventional idea about the difference between man and animals (animals with behaviors that had been thought to be distinctively human). All these studies provide deeper understanding of who we are, where we are, and what will happen to us in the future, and these are the fundamental questions humans have always asked probably since primordial times.
Science now plays the central role in predicting and saving our future. For example, global warming cannot be handled without initiatives of governments and general consensus, and to understand how serious the problem is scientific knowledge is necessary. Although we are in a hopeless situation where politics is preventing even politicians who are conscious of this problem from making decisions, the silver lining is that perceptive business leaders have already started tackling the issue and many ordinary people have long been trying to help reduce CO2 emissions. This has been possible because of science and math education, because most people can read graphs, know what CO2 is, and understand the significance of greenhouse effect.
Science and mathematics cover not only materials but also humans. It is as important for students to study them as for them to study history and literature for a better life.
What invention in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country?
Let’s Think
The questions of the same type as today’s topic are as follows:
♦The twentieth century saw great change. In your opinion, what is one change that should be remembered about the twentieth century? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.
♦What discovery in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
(Note: The difference between discovery and invention is that you discover something that has existed all the time but you did not know it was there till then, while you invent something that did not exist before. For example, Newton discovered gravity while Bell invented a telephone.)
It is rather easy to think of the answer for this type of question. For today’s question, you can easily come up with inventions like computers, cell-phones, or jet planes. Probably the difficult part is to explain why, but remember, the hints are in the questions. In this case, the hints are the words “change” and “most beneficial.” They are related to great moments in history: the story of before and after the invention / change / discovery. What is expected in your essay is probably the description of how great something is, in other words, in what way and how much it has benefited society, human life, or the environment.
☆Your short response:
I think … has been most beneficial for people in my country in the last 100 years.
Before the invention of …,
However, after the advent of …,
Ideas and Expressions
♦the computer: speed, huge memory, accuracy, versatility (calculation word processing, internet search, etc.), ubiquity, gave birth to social media
♦the cell-phone: handy, has many functions
♦the commercial airplane: accelerated our life, made the world smaller
Sample short response:
I think the Internet has been the most beneficial for people in my country in the last 100 years.
Before the invention of the Internet, the information was something that was provided by authorities in limited amounts.
However, after the advent of the Internet, most information on this planet has become available to anyone. Also, it has become possible for anyone to provide information to the public quite easily.
Now let’s not forget that the superlative, “most beneficial,” requires you to show why you think people have benefitted from a particular invention more than they have from the other inventions, why you chose not the microwave, which has benefited many of us, oven but the computer. One way to do this might be to point out the phenomenon it has caused that the others have not.
☆Your short response:
… has been most beneficial to our society in that…
Its impact on our society was so great that …
Ideas and Expressions
♦the computer: changed our lifestyle – We cannot go back to life before computers. / Many things have become outdated (typewriters, CDs, stationery, paper dictionary, encyclopedia, etc)
♦the cell-phone: changed our way of communication – We talk to people in person less often. / We can bond with large numbers of people easily.
♦the commercial airplane: changed our life plans – People are ready to move to places far away from home. / People spend more time abroad on vacations.
Sample short response:
The Internet has been most beneficial to our society in that it has decentralized information management.
Its impact on our society was so great that no one in our society now live absolutely independent from the Internet.
Writing Topic 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics.
Let’s Think
If a statement says that A is more than B, and if you disagree with this statement, you are to prove either A equals B or A is less than B:【A > B】⇔【A = B】or【A < B】. Therefore, if you disagree with the statement that it is more important for students to study history and literature that it is for them to study science and mathematics, you are to prove either both are equally important or the latter is more important than the former.
Is studying science and mathematics equally important to or more important than studying history and literature? What if school taught neither science nor mathematics? Would there be any problems?
Ideas and Expressions
Agree:
♦Humanity is related to all people while science is only for experts. A discovery of a 1-meter-long Cambrian shrimp fossil cannot be a common conversation topic while Pyramid excavation can.
♦An office worker without scientific knowledge is just boring but a scientist without knowledge of human nature and historical lessons is dangerous.
Disagree:
♦Without basic knowledge of math and science, you could not lead a daily life with confidence. You would not be able to use spreadsheet and neither would you understand the importance of vaccination or seat belts.
♦Science and mathematics answer important questions we ask such as what is life or what is universe.
♦To have a good perception of current social problems, we need to have some basic knowledge of science and math (e.g. global warming).
☆Your short response:
I agree / disagree with the statement that it is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics
because …
Essay for Ideas and Expressions
I do not think it is less important for students to study science and mathematics than for them to study history and literature. Without having some basic knowledge of science and mathematics, we cannot lead our daily lives, have better perception of ourselves and the universe, and face our future problems with determination.
Today’s world is heavily based on science. It is now difficult to survive or function well without knowing the meaning of basic scientific terms such as virus or electricity. Ignorance of these words will cause problems or even death. For an office worker, the fundamental idea of calculus is necessary to use the most prevalent computer programs such as Excel. Science and math are now so finely woven into our lives that we do not even realize that we use them all the time.
It might be generally believed that history and literature deal with humans while science and mathematics deal with the physical world. However, science and math help develop the study of humanity in significant ways. Geology and chemistry help trace back through history, and astronomy, physics, and mathematics attempt to know the origin and the shape of the universe. Biology has made clear that all life is related (DNA, the theory of evolution, etc.), and zoology has questioned the conventional idea about the difference between man and animals (animals with behaviors that had been thought to be distinctively human). All these studies provide deeper understanding of who we are, where we are, and what will happen to us in the future, and these are the fundamental questions humans have always asked probably since primordial times.
Science now plays the central role in predicting and saving our future. For example, global warming cannot be handled without initiatives of governments and general consensus, and to understand how serious the problem is scientific knowledge is necessary. Although we are in a hopeless situation where politics is preventing even politicians who are conscious of this problem from making decisions, the silver lining is that perceptive business leaders have already started tackling the issue and many ordinary people have long been trying to help reduce CO2 emissions. This has been possible because of science and math education, because most people can read graphs, know what CO2 is, and understand the significance of greenhouse effect.
Science and mathematics cover not only materials but also humans. It is as important for students to study them as for them to study history and literature for a better life.
2011年6月19日日曜日
TOEFL Independent Writing 受験注意事項の確認 -revised-
今回で今学期のTest Writing (月曜)の授業は終わりです。まもなく実際にTOEFLを受験する人も多いと思いますのでindependent writing (Test Writingの授業で練習したタイプのテスト)に解答する際の注意事項を今までの総復習をかねて確認しておきたいと思います。
《準備》
良いエッセイを書くために日頃から行っておくとよいこととしては、１）良い文章を読む ２）問題意識を持つ等がありますが、受験日が近くなると以下のようなことをすることも必要です。
♦実際に書いて練習しておく 授業で主な課題パターンはチェックしました。また、実際に書いてみてより完成度の高いエッセイへのイメージはつかめたことと思います。しかしレッスンで身につけたことを定着・維持・発展させるために「書く」ということを今後も続けましょう。ETSのHPに実際に出題される課題（URL→http://www.ets.org/Media/Tests/TEOFL/pdf)が掲載されていますので目を通し、特に書きづらそうなものを選んで書いて見ましょう。その際、最低２回書きます。最初は30分に時間を設定して書き、自分で添削するか誰かに添削してもらい、もう一度時間制限無しで書き直します。
♦添削済み答案の書き直し 自己添削では見つかりにくいミスや悪い癖を授業の添削済み答案の書き込みで確認し、それらに注意しながら書き直しましょう。
♦主な時事問題と自分の研究課題・趣味をまとめておく AO対策も兼ねて環境問題、貧困対策、グローバル化等の時事問題と自分の趣味・研究課題を100語前後の英文にまとめておきましょう。
♦英文読後日記をつける 英字新聞・雑誌の記事・社説・投稿等を読み、要約と感想を各１～２文の英文にまとめましょう。具体例の材料集めと表現力をつけるのに役立ちます。
♦基本文法問題で典型的なミスをチェック 英文エッセイの試験ではきちんとした英文を書くことが最も重要です。文法の誤文訂正問題で典型的な文法ミスをチェックしておきましょう。また、文法の評価が１～２になることが多い人は文法の基本例文を言って書けるようにしましょう。
♦手本の書写と要約 文法・表現力の評価が３になることが多い人はテキストやBarron’s Writing for the TOEFL iBT等のsample essayの書写をお勧めします。意味単位ごとに写すと表現が身につきやすくなります。ただ写すのではなく内容を取りながら行ってください。最後に内容を要約します。最初は各段落のMain Ideaを抜き出し、次に自分の言葉で言い換えます。
《試験本番》
以下の注意点は普段の練習で実践し本番では自然にできるようにしておきましょう。
♦手順を守る 1. 課題の確認 2. Brainstormingと構成 3. 書く4. 見直し の流れで書く。（あせらずに、1～4の手順を守ってきちんとしたエッセイにすることを目指しましょう。）
1. 課題の確認
♦予想外の課題が出てもあわてない このテストは英作文の力を見るテストであって知識を試すテストではないことを忘れず、自分に分かる範囲内で論理性のある答案を書きましょう。
♦課題の条件を見落とさない 例えば ”Parents are the best teachers for children (ages between 1-12).”の場合、eighth graders (中学生)を例に挙げることはできません。課題を正確に読み取ることが、期待される水準の答案を書く第一歩です。
2. Brainstormingと構成
♦まず論点と構成を明確にしてから書き始める 実際に書く前に数分かけてよいのでBrainstorming + 構成の作業をしてエッセイの骨組みを作りましょう。Brainstormingは「頭の中の材料を外に出す作業」です。思いついたことを箇条書きでPC画面に打ち込んでゆきます。構成ではBrainstormingで箇条書きにした材料を整理し、１）topicごとにまとめ〈1 paragraph = 1 topic〉 ２）重要な順に本論の段落順を決め、最初に導入、最後に結論の段落を設定します。
♦英文エッセイの基本構造を崩さない 奇抜な構成のエッセイで評価が上がることはありません。基本のエッセイ構造に従って書きましょう。評価されるのは論証のうまさと表現力です。
3. 書く
♦読み手に話しかけるようなつもりで書くと同時にきちんとした書き言葉を心がける 実際に書き始めたら論証に集中します。読み手を身近な人に想定してその人に説明するような気持ちで書いてゆくのも良いと思います。ただし、きちんとした書き言葉を使うことだけは留意しましょう。
♦客観的な文章にする 書く内容を考える際に自分にとって身近なことから考えてゆくことはアイディアを出す上で大切ですが、考えを文章に変換するときは客観的な言い方を心がけましょう。コツとしては、主語が I ではなく People や Students などのより一般的な人や 形式主語のItあるいは無生物主語で文を始めると客観的な文章にしやすくなります。特に個人的な好みや選択を述べる部分以外でこの点に気をつけることが大切です。
♦当然予測される反論は取り上げて反論への反論をする 高スコアを目指す場合、反論の処理は避けて通れません。反論の処理により内容が充実し、合格ラインの300語をクリアできます。 １）反論処理用の段落を作る または ２）各段落の適所で反論を処理するようにしましょう。
♦内容を掘り下げる 漠然としたtopicに趣味関連で解答する場合、人生観・問題意識を入れて内容を深める努力をしましょう。♦よく知らない単語や使い慣れない構文は使わない 本番では実力を最大限に発揮することが大切です。背伸びをしたり迷ったりすると失敗しがちです。♦同じ単語・表現を繰り返さない 表現力がないと思われますので同じ語・表現の繰り返しは２回程度にとどめましょう。別の語を思いつかない場合は主語や構文自体を変えてみましょう。 ♦前置きは短めにする 導入の段落は主張とその理由があれば合格点の範囲内です。例えばいつもI agree with the statement that …(Writing Topicのstatement) . I have two reasons to support my opinion.のように書き出している場合、（このままでも良いですが）第2文を主張の理由を簡潔に述べたものにすると十分な導入になります。うまい前置きがあれば更に良いでしょうが時間配分も考えて主題は早めに簡潔に示すのが無難です。（主題は２行目位までに書くべきだと言う人もいます。） ♦論じ方の説明はしない 300語程度のエッセイですので導入後はすぐ論証に入りましょう。 ♦導入の段落に具体例は入れない 具体例は本論に書きます。 ♦結論の段落に新しいtopicは加えない 結論では全てdiscussし終わっているはずなので新しいtopicは本論に入れましょう。 ♦カンマは迷ったら入れない カンマは次の3つの場合は必ず入れ、その他は入れない方が無難です。１．挿入の前後 ２．副詞（句・節）が文頭に出た時、その副詞の直後（例外: 後ろが倒置の時はカンマ不要） ３．重文（ … and …のような文）の前半が長いか複雑な時、また短くても内容が一区切りしている時、その部分の直後 ♦結論の段落を必ずつける 結論の段落は総括です。導入の段落と同じ内容を違う表現でまとめます。主張の理由は一言で締めくくるのも良いし、本論の各主題を1個の名詞や形容詞などで表すのも一つの方法です。
4. 見直し
主に論理の矛盾と説明不足に注意して読み直しましょう。
本番の前にはもう一度、基本を守り、論理性・客観性を保ち、沢山書くことを自分に言い聞かせましょう。頑張ってください！
《準備》
良いエッセイを書くために日頃から行っておくとよいこととしては、１）良い文章を読む ２）問題意識を持つ等がありますが、受験日が近くなると以下のようなことをすることも必要です。
♦実際に書いて練習しておく 授業で主な課題パターンはチェックしました。また、実際に書いてみてより完成度の高いエッセイへのイメージはつかめたことと思います。しかしレッスンで身につけたことを定着・維持・発展させるために「書く」ということを今後も続けましょう。ETSのHPに実際に出題される課題（URL→http://www.ets.org/Media/Tests/TEOFL/pdf)が掲載されていますので目を通し、特に書きづらそうなものを選んで書いて見ましょう。その際、最低２回書きます。最初は30分に時間を設定して書き、自分で添削するか誰かに添削してもらい、もう一度時間制限無しで書き直します。
♦添削済み答案の書き直し 自己添削では見つかりにくいミスや悪い癖を授業の添削済み答案の書き込みで確認し、それらに注意しながら書き直しましょう。
♦主な時事問題と自分の研究課題・趣味をまとめておく AO対策も兼ねて環境問題、貧困対策、グローバル化等の時事問題と自分の趣味・研究課題を100語前後の英文にまとめておきましょう。
♦英文読後日記をつける 英字新聞・雑誌の記事・社説・投稿等を読み、要約と感想を各１～２文の英文にまとめましょう。具体例の材料集めと表現力をつけるのに役立ちます。
♦基本文法問題で典型的なミスをチェック 英文エッセイの試験ではきちんとした英文を書くことが最も重要です。文法の誤文訂正問題で典型的な文法ミスをチェックしておきましょう。また、文法の評価が１～２になることが多い人は文法の基本例文を言って書けるようにしましょう。
♦手本の書写と要約 文法・表現力の評価が３になることが多い人はテキストやBarron’s Writing for the TOEFL iBT等のsample essayの書写をお勧めします。意味単位ごとに写すと表現が身につきやすくなります。ただ写すのではなく内容を取りながら行ってください。最後に内容を要約します。最初は各段落のMain Ideaを抜き出し、次に自分の言葉で言い換えます。
《試験本番》
以下の注意点は普段の練習で実践し本番では自然にできるようにしておきましょう。
♦手順を守る 1. 課題の確認 2. Brainstormingと構成 3. 書く4. 見直し の流れで書く。（あせらずに、1～4の手順を守ってきちんとしたエッセイにすることを目指しましょう。）
1. 課題の確認
♦予想外の課題が出てもあわてない このテストは英作文の力を見るテストであって知識を試すテストではないことを忘れず、自分に分かる範囲内で論理性のある答案を書きましょう。
♦課題の条件を見落とさない 例えば ”Parents are the best teachers for children (ages between 1-12).”の場合、eighth graders (中学生)を例に挙げることはできません。課題を正確に読み取ることが、期待される水準の答案を書く第一歩です。
2. Brainstormingと構成
♦まず論点と構成を明確にしてから書き始める 実際に書く前に数分かけてよいのでBrainstorming + 構成の作業をしてエッセイの骨組みを作りましょう。Brainstormingは「頭の中の材料を外に出す作業」です。思いついたことを箇条書きでPC画面に打ち込んでゆきます。構成ではBrainstormingで箇条書きにした材料を整理し、１）topicごとにまとめ〈1 paragraph = 1 topic〉 ２）重要な順に本論の段落順を決め、最初に導入、最後に結論の段落を設定します。
♦英文エッセイの基本構造を崩さない 奇抜な構成のエッセイで評価が上がることはありません。基本のエッセイ構造に従って書きましょう。評価されるのは論証のうまさと表現力です。
3. 書く
♦読み手に話しかけるようなつもりで書くと同時にきちんとした書き言葉を心がける 実際に書き始めたら論証に集中します。読み手を身近な人に想定してその人に説明するような気持ちで書いてゆくのも良いと思います。ただし、きちんとした書き言葉を使うことだけは留意しましょう。
♦客観的な文章にする 書く内容を考える際に自分にとって身近なことから考えてゆくことはアイディアを出す上で大切ですが、考えを文章に変換するときは客観的な言い方を心がけましょう。コツとしては、主語が I ではなく People や Students などのより一般的な人や 形式主語のItあるいは無生物主語で文を始めると客観的な文章にしやすくなります。特に個人的な好みや選択を述べる部分以外でこの点に気をつけることが大切です。
♦当然予測される反論は取り上げて反論への反論をする 高スコアを目指す場合、反論の処理は避けて通れません。反論の処理により内容が充実し、合格ラインの300語をクリアできます。 １）反論処理用の段落を作る または ２）各段落の適所で反論を処理するようにしましょう。
♦内容を掘り下げる 漠然としたtopicに趣味関連で解答する場合、人生観・問題意識を入れて内容を深める努力をしましょう。♦よく知らない単語や使い慣れない構文は使わない 本番では実力を最大限に発揮することが大切です。背伸びをしたり迷ったりすると失敗しがちです。♦同じ単語・表現を繰り返さない 表現力がないと思われますので同じ語・表現の繰り返しは２回程度にとどめましょう。別の語を思いつかない場合は主語や構文自体を変えてみましょう。 ♦前置きは短めにする 導入の段落は主張とその理由があれば合格点の範囲内です。例えばいつもI agree with the statement that …(Writing Topicのstatement) . I have two reasons to support my opinion.のように書き出している場合、（このままでも良いですが）第2文を主張の理由を簡潔に述べたものにすると十分な導入になります。うまい前置きがあれば更に良いでしょうが時間配分も考えて主題は早めに簡潔に示すのが無難です。（主題は２行目位までに書くべきだと言う人もいます。） ♦論じ方の説明はしない 300語程度のエッセイですので導入後はすぐ論証に入りましょう。 ♦導入の段落に具体例は入れない 具体例は本論に書きます。 ♦結論の段落に新しいtopicは加えない 結論では全てdiscussし終わっているはずなので新しいtopicは本論に入れましょう。 ♦カンマは迷ったら入れない カンマは次の3つの場合は必ず入れ、その他は入れない方が無難です。１．挿入の前後 ２．副詞（句・節）が文頭に出た時、その副詞の直後（例外: 後ろが倒置の時はカンマ不要） ３．重文（ … and …のような文）の前半が長いか複雑な時、また短くても内容が一区切りしている時、その部分の直後 ♦結論の段落を必ずつける 結論の段落は総括です。導入の段落と同じ内容を違う表現でまとめます。主張の理由は一言で締めくくるのも良いし、本論の各主題を1個の名詞や形容詞などで表すのも一つの方法です。
4. 見直し
主に論理の矛盾と説明不足に注意して読み直しましょう。
本番の前にはもう一度、基本を守り、論理性・客観性を保ち、沢山書くことを自分に言い聞かせましょう。頑張ってください！
Supersonic/Electronic Weapon 不特定多数による長期にわたる原因不明の嫌がらせ（６）
Last Saturday, I noticed there is something wrong with my eyesight. When I looked at a dark corner of the classroom I was in, the part looked like an old movie screen with scratches. In other words, it looked like raining. The same thing happened today, a week later, too. Also, my eyes have been tired all day these days and see the fluorescent light like flashes all day. My feet feel as if they were in rough thick wool socks when I walk around outside. Even though the number of strong attacks that cause fits has declined, I feel more tired these days.
If there is a machine which produces strong magnetic field like an MRI, and if someone/some people are switching it on and off, in the next room, it should be giving the sensation I get every night. When the attacks are strong, they are too strong for me to feel their nature, for I have fits or I huff or my jaw shuts. The shocks are too strong to feel anything subtle. But the weaker ones tell me that they are magnetic or electric. The make me feel as if my brain were being attracted to one direction.
2011/06/15 Slept from 2:00-9:00 (7 hours). Fluorescent like flashes in my eyes. The sound in my head loud and wavy. When I was going to bed several electric shock attacks on my head.
2011/06/16 Slept from 2:30-7:30 (5 hours) Almost the same as yesterday. The difference was that the power was a little stronger today than yesterday.
2011/06/17 Slept from 2:50-7:30 (5 hours) A very big fit which felt like a strike with a fist made my whole body shake right after I lay and closed my eyes, flowed by several sucking electric shocks on my head. I felt the after concussion feeling all day. Around 8:00, a young woman in white see-through and black tights, eyes dead, went out of the next door, joined by a stocky man around 30, and went towards the highway.
2011/06/18 Slept form 1:00-5:00 (4 hours). Prevented from going back to sleep by electric shock attacks on my head. I gave up and got up around 7:00. I twittered it. When I stood up, I felt someone behind the wall and hit and kicked the wall hard, and the part a little (3 feet) away from the point was hit back a second later. A woman’s conciliatory voice was heard. ).My speech slurred all day. Made many mistakes. Feet felt funny (thick socks, many needles). Eyes tired. Fluorescent like feeling in the eyesight. Sound in my head loud and wavy all day. Around 22:00 voices of male and female in the next room. Now, a little after midnight, it is silent.
If there is a machine which produces strong magnetic field like an MRI, and if someone/some people are switching it on and off, in the next room, it should be giving the sensation I get every night. When the attacks are strong, they are too strong for me to feel their nature, for I have fits or I huff or my jaw shuts. The shocks are too strong to feel anything subtle. But the weaker ones tell me that they are magnetic or electric. The make me feel as if my brain were being attracted to one direction.
2011/06/15 Slept from 2:00-9:00 (7 hours). Fluorescent like flashes in my eyes. The sound in my head loud and wavy. When I was going to bed several electric shock attacks on my head.
2011/06/16 Slept from 2:30-7:30 (5 hours) Almost the same as yesterday. The difference was that the power was a little stronger today than yesterday.
2011/06/17 Slept from 2:50-7:30 (5 hours) A very big fit which felt like a strike with a fist made my whole body shake right after I lay and closed my eyes, flowed by several sucking electric shocks on my head. I felt the after concussion feeling all day. Around 8:00, a young woman in white see-through and black tights, eyes dead, went out of the next door, joined by a stocky man around 30, and went towards the highway.
2011/06/18 Slept form 1:00-5:00 (4 hours). Prevented from going back to sleep by electric shock attacks on my head. I gave up and got up around 7:00. I twittered it. When I stood up, I felt someone behind the wall and hit and kicked the wall hard, and the part a little (3 feet) away from the point was hit back a second later. A woman’s conciliatory voice was heard. ).My speech slurred all day. Made many mistakes. Feet felt funny (thick socks, many needles). Eyes tired. Fluorescent like feeling in the eyesight. Sound in my head loud and wavy all day. Around 22:00 voices of male and female in the next room. Now, a little after midnight, it is silent.
2011年6月17日金曜日
Class Supplement, TOEFL Essay, the invention that had the biggest impact on society in the last century
Writing Topic
What invention in the last century do you think has had the biggest impact on society?
Let’s Think
The questions of the same type as today’s topic are as follows:
♦The twentieth century saw great change. In your opinion, what is one change that should be remembered about the twentieth century? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.
♦What discovery in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
(Note: The difference between discovery and invention is that you discover something that has existed all the time but you did not know it was there till then, while you invent something that has not existed. Thus, Newton discovered gravity while Bell invented a telephone.)
It is rather easy to think of the answer for this type of question. For today’s question, you can easily come up with inventions like cell-phones, jet planes, or computers. Probably the difficult part is to explain why. But remember, the hints are in the questions. In this case, they are the words “change” and “most beneficial.” They are related to great moments in history: the story of before and after the invention/change/discovery. What is expected in your essay is probably the description of how great something is, in other words, in what way and how much it has changed society, human life, or the environment.
☆Your short response:
I think … has had the biggest impact on society in the last century.
Before the invention of it,
However, since the advent of it,
Sample short response:
I think the atomic bomb has had the biggest impact on society in the last century.
Before the invention of it, the number of war casualties was at most tens of millions in total.
However, since the advent of it, the total destruction of one city by a bomb has become possible. The atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima killed 100.000 to 150,000 people in 3 months, half or one-third of the total death toll of WWI. Also, the effect of radiation will affect not only the life of the survivors but also the next generation.
Also, the superlative, “the biggest impact” requires you to show why you think a particular invention is more important than the other inventions. One way to do this might be to point out the phenomenon it has had that the others have not.
☆Your short response:
… has changed our society in terms of…
Its impact on our society was so great that …
Sample short response:
The atomic bomb has changed our society in terms of the concept of war, especially wars between big powers. We are forced to live under the threat of total extinction of human race.
Its impact on our society was so great that many movies related to atomic war crises or nuclear disasters have been made. No invention other than nuclear weapons/power has been taken up so often in movies.
Ideas and Expressions
the computer
speed, huge memory, accuracy, versatility (calculation word processing, internet search, etc.), ubiquity, decentralization of society
the cell-phone
handy, has many functions, changed our way of communication
the commercial airplane
accelerated our life (travel, order from abroad, etc.)
the television
changed our ways of gathering information, selling products, spending free time
the atomic bomb
a great effect on politics and security
What invention in the last century do you think has had the biggest impact on society?
Let’s Think
The questions of the same type as today’s topic are as follows:
♦The twentieth century saw great change. In your opinion, what is one change that should be remembered about the twentieth century? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.
♦What discovery in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
(Note: The difference between discovery and invention is that you discover something that has existed all the time but you did not know it was there till then, while you invent something that has not existed. Thus, Newton discovered gravity while Bell invented a telephone.)
It is rather easy to think of the answer for this type of question. For today’s question, you can easily come up with inventions like cell-phones, jet planes, or computers. Probably the difficult part is to explain why. But remember, the hints are in the questions. In this case, they are the words “change” and “most beneficial.” They are related to great moments in history: the story of before and after the invention/change/discovery. What is expected in your essay is probably the description of how great something is, in other words, in what way and how much it has changed society, human life, or the environment.
☆Your short response:
I think … has had the biggest impact on society in the last century.
Before the invention of it,
However, since the advent of it,
Sample short response:
I think the atomic bomb has had the biggest impact on society in the last century.
Before the invention of it, the number of war casualties was at most tens of millions in total.
However, since the advent of it, the total destruction of one city by a bomb has become possible. The atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima killed 100.000 to 150,000 people in 3 months, half or one-third of the total death toll of WWI. Also, the effect of radiation will affect not only the life of the survivors but also the next generation.
Also, the superlative, “the biggest impact” requires you to show why you think a particular invention is more important than the other inventions. One way to do this might be to point out the phenomenon it has had that the others have not.
☆Your short response:
… has changed our society in terms of…
Its impact on our society was so great that …
Sample short response:
The atomic bomb has changed our society in terms of the concept of war, especially wars between big powers. We are forced to live under the threat of total extinction of human race.
Its impact on our society was so great that many movies related to atomic war crises or nuclear disasters have been made. No invention other than nuclear weapons/power has been taken up so often in movies.
Ideas and Expressions
the computer
speed, huge memory, accuracy, versatility (calculation word processing, internet search, etc.), ubiquity, decentralization of society
the cell-phone
handy, has many functions, changed our way of communication
the commercial airplane
accelerated our life (travel, order from abroad, etc.)
the television
changed our ways of gathering information, selling products, spending free time
the atomic bomb
a great effect on politics and security
2011年6月15日水曜日
Class Supplement, TOEFL Essay, A single room or a room with a roommate?
Writing Topic
Imagine that you have decided to attend college and to live in the college dormitories, and you have a choice of a small private room or a larger room that you would share with a roommate. Which would you choose, and why? Give specific reasons for your choice.
Let’s Think
Let’s make sure the choices you have: a SMALL, PRIVATE room or a LARGER room with A roommate, and let’s picture them what they would be like …
Now let’s think of their merits and demerits of each choice.
♦What are the good points of a small private dorm room?
1. You can concentrate on your study well.
2. You can use time and space on your own.
3. You do not have to care about your roommate’s feelings.
4. Your point:
♦Are there any bad points in living in a single dorm room? Are there any solutions to them?
☆Your idea:
Examples of bad points and the solutions (counter-arguments & counter-counter-arguments)
1. You might feel lonely. ⇔ You can visit other rooms or go out to meet people when you feel lonely.
2. You might become lazy living all alone. ⇔ Becoming lazy is part of college life. When else can you be lazy and be honest about your pure interest, like reading a novel all day without eating or cleaning, other than the years in college? Most people get back on track by the time they graduate anyway and I would too.
♦What are the good points of a larger dorm room that you would share with a roommate?
1. You can use or do things together.
2. You can talk about daily matters or share information.
3. It would be safer to have someone living close to you than to live alone.
4. If you are lucky, you would find a lifetime friend.
5. Your point:
♦Are there any bad points about having a roommate? Are there any solutions to them?
☆Your idea:
Examples of bad points and the solutions (counter-arguments & counter-counter-arguments)
1. You might not be able to concentrate on your study. ⇔You could go to the library when you want to cram or do research.
2. Your might hit a jack-pot and get a troublemaker as your roommate. ⇔ It could be a good experience in the long run. You could learn to be patient and learn a high-level of social skills. If things get out of your hand, you could ask for an intervention from your dorm office anytime.
☆Your preference:
I would choose a small single room / a larger room with a roommate because …
For example,
It is true that …
but …
Sample Response:
I would choose a small single room because you can use time and space on your own in a single room. I have a lot of habits that I am sure would drive my roommate to her breaking point.
For example, I study after midnight. Since I cannot change this habit, I think my roommate, if she is a day person, would have difficulty in sleeping because of the light and noises I would make.
It is true that you might sometimes feel lonely to be in a single room,
but that loneliness may occur even when you have a companion. What I think is that to feel that you are really not alone something like a strong interest which you can share with others is necessary, and you cannot necessarily share it with your roommate. In terms of friendships, you can find them anywhere, in class, at the cafeteria, in your club, and so on. Therefore, I am not concerned about feeling lonely.
Imagine that you have decided to attend college and to live in the college dormitories, and you have a choice of a small private room or a larger room that you would share with a roommate. Which would you choose, and why? Give specific reasons for your choice.
Let’s Think
Let’s make sure the choices you have: a SMALL, PRIVATE room or a LARGER room with A roommate, and let’s picture them what they would be like …
Now let’s think of their merits and demerits of each choice.
♦What are the good points of a small private dorm room?
1. You can concentrate on your study well.
2. You can use time and space on your own.
3. You do not have to care about your roommate’s feelings.
4. Your point:
♦Are there any bad points in living in a single dorm room? Are there any solutions to them?
☆Your idea:
Examples of bad points and the solutions (counter-arguments & counter-counter-arguments)
1. You might feel lonely. ⇔ You can visit other rooms or go out to meet people when you feel lonely.
2. You might become lazy living all alone. ⇔ Becoming lazy is part of college life. When else can you be lazy and be honest about your pure interest, like reading a novel all day without eating or cleaning, other than the years in college? Most people get back on track by the time they graduate anyway and I would too.
♦What are the good points of a larger dorm room that you would share with a roommate?
1. You can use or do things together.
2. You can talk about daily matters or share information.
3. It would be safer to have someone living close to you than to live alone.
4. If you are lucky, you would find a lifetime friend.
5. Your point:
♦Are there any bad points about having a roommate? Are there any solutions to them?
☆Your idea:
Examples of bad points and the solutions (counter-arguments & counter-counter-arguments)
1. You might not be able to concentrate on your study. ⇔You could go to the library when you want to cram or do research.
2. Your might hit a jack-pot and get a troublemaker as your roommate. ⇔ It could be a good experience in the long run. You could learn to be patient and learn a high-level of social skills. If things get out of your hand, you could ask for an intervention from your dorm office anytime.
☆Your preference:
I would choose a small single room / a larger room with a roommate because …
For example,
It is true that …
but …
Sample Response:
I would choose a small single room because you can use time and space on your own in a single room. I have a lot of habits that I am sure would drive my roommate to her breaking point.
For example, I study after midnight. Since I cannot change this habit, I think my roommate, if she is a day person, would have difficulty in sleeping because of the light and noises I would make.
It is true that you might sometimes feel lonely to be in a single room,
but that loneliness may occur even when you have a companion. What I think is that to feel that you are really not alone something like a strong interest which you can share with others is necessary, and you cannot necessarily share it with your roommate. In terms of friendships, you can find them anywhere, in class, at the cafeteria, in your club, and so on. Therefore, I am not concerned about feeling lonely.
Supersonic/Electronic Weapon 不特定多数による長期にわたる原因不明の嫌がらせ（６）
Between June 7 to 14, On some days I experienced electric shocks that made my jaw shut suddenly, and almost every day saw fluorescent light like fine flashes when I woke up and day by day the phenomenon lasted longer and longer.
Here are memos I took since my last record:
2011/06/07 Slept about 3+4 hours. Same kind of shocks as those I experienced yesterday. Also, I kept seeing fluorescent light like fine flashes, which I felt only when I woke up or for several hours after waking up, till evening, which did not used to last so long till recently, and the noises in the head were wavy and loud all day.
A lot of noises like someone moving something and sometimes a big male voice from 22:00. Shock on the wall which shook the table fixed to the wall in my room when I was sitting in front of it.
2011/06/08 Slept 1:00-5:00 and 8:30-12:00 (4+4 hours). Aroud 8:00, I heard someone leave the next door and opened my door to see who it was but could not. I opened the window facing the street and I saw a thin woman/man around 165-170cm in a dark jacket walking away quickly. During the second sleep, the shocks were either weak or none, thought I felt something like that when I was falling asleep. Headache when woke up again. Little fluorescent light like effect.
2011/06/09 Attacks kept me awake till 3:00 a.m. Drank hot mild to sleep. Woke up at 11:00. I saw fluorescent light like flashes and it lasted till 21:00.
2011/06/10 Slept 2:30-8:30. Noises in my head were loud and saw fluorescent light like flashes when I woke up. Went swimming. Took a nap 5:00-8:00.
2011/06/11 (Sat.) Slept 3:00-10:00 When falling asleep, I felt electric shock attacks. When woke up, I saw fluorescent light like flashes and my eyes were tired all day.
2011/06/12 (Sun) Slept 4:00-10:30. When I woke up, the noises in my head were loud and wavy. I also saw fluorescent light like flashes.
2011/06/13 (Mon.) Slept 2:00-9:00. When I was taking this note before going to bed, I heard a noise that sounded like someone moved or hit something suddenly behind the wall in the next room.
2011/06/14 (Tue) Slept 2:00-9:00. Noises in my head loud when I woke up and fluorescent light like flashes lasted all day. Male voices in the next room starting around 22:00. After I started typing these notes, they became silent.
Right after I put these records on the net, a noise like something dripping down with irregular intervals started behind the fall near my PC.
Then after I sat in front of my OC for ten minutes or so, I noticed my lower body felt funny. It was like the inside of the vessels in my lower body felt ticklish. I also noticed that the noises in my head were very loud and wavy. I stood up and went to the kitchen and both of them started subsiding. When I came back after making hot mild, both of them had become normal.
Here are memos I took since my last record:
2011/06/07 Slept about 3+4 hours. Same kind of shocks as those I experienced yesterday. Also, I kept seeing fluorescent light like fine flashes, which I felt only when I woke up or for several hours after waking up, till evening, which did not used to last so long till recently, and the noises in the head were wavy and loud all day.
A lot of noises like someone moving something and sometimes a big male voice from 22:00. Shock on the wall which shook the table fixed to the wall in my room when I was sitting in front of it.
2011/06/08 Slept 1:00-5:00 and 8:30-12:00 (4+4 hours). Aroud 8:00, I heard someone leave the next door and opened my door to see who it was but could not. I opened the window facing the street and I saw a thin woman/man around 165-170cm in a dark jacket walking away quickly. During the second sleep, the shocks were either weak or none, thought I felt something like that when I was falling asleep. Headache when woke up again. Little fluorescent light like effect.
2011/06/09 Attacks kept me awake till 3:00 a.m. Drank hot mild to sleep. Woke up at 11:00. I saw fluorescent light like flashes and it lasted till 21:00.
2011/06/10 Slept 2:30-8:30. Noises in my head were loud and saw fluorescent light like flashes when I woke up. Went swimming. Took a nap 5:00-8:00.
2011/06/11 (Sat.) Slept 3:00-10:00 When falling asleep, I felt electric shock attacks. When woke up, I saw fluorescent light like flashes and my eyes were tired all day.
2011/06/12 (Sun) Slept 4:00-10:30. When I woke up, the noises in my head were loud and wavy. I also saw fluorescent light like flashes.
2011/06/13 (Mon.) Slept 2:00-9:00. When I was taking this note before going to bed, I heard a noise that sounded like someone moved or hit something suddenly behind the wall in the next room.
2011/06/14 (Tue) Slept 2:00-9:00. Noises in my head loud when I woke up and fluorescent light like flashes lasted all day. Male voices in the next room starting around 22:00. After I started typing these notes, they became silent.
Right after I put these records on the net, a noise like something dripping down with irregular intervals started behind the fall near my PC.
Then after I sat in front of my OC for ten minutes or so, I noticed my lower body felt funny. It was like the inside of the vessels in my lower body felt ticklish. I also noticed that the noises in my head were very loud and wavy. I stood up and went to the kitchen and both of them started subsiding. When I came back after making hot mild, both of them had become normal.
2011年6月13日月曜日
Notes on the Man-made Nuclear Disaster in Japan
Japan Facing Biggest Catastrophe Since Dawn of Nuclear Age (Democracy Now)
http://www.democracynow.org/2011/3/14/japan_facing_biggest_catastrophe_since_dawn
Check out the part that starts around 38:00: “… even in 1972, the NRC had concerns about this containment. And we’ve gotten memos through FOIA that indicate, in 1972, the NRC thought that perhaps this particular design should never have been built. So, it’s not something that popped up like a mushroom last month, but it’s been known to the industry since 1972 that this is a weak link in the design.”
Japan could have avoided this nuclear horror (Fukiko Aoki, GlobalPost)
http://www.tucsonsentinel.com/opinion/report/050311_japan_nuke_op/japan-could-have-avoided-this-nuclear-horror/
Nuclear Crisis: How It Happened / Government, TEPCO brushed off warnings from all sides (Daily Yomiuri)
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/T110611002697.htm
Nuclear Crisis: How It Happened / Safety vows forgotten, ‘safety myth’ created
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/T110614004853.htm
Japan Admits 3 Nuclear Meltdowns, More Radiation Leaked into Sea; U.S. Nuclear Waste Poses Deadly Risks (Democracy Now)
http://www.democracynow.org/2011/6/10/as_japan_nuclear_crisis_worsens_citizen
http://www.democracynow.org/2011/3/14/japan_facing_biggest_catastrophe_since_dawn
Check out the part that starts around 38:00: “… even in 1972, the NRC had concerns about this containment. And we’ve gotten memos through FOIA that indicate, in 1972, the NRC thought that perhaps this particular design should never have been built. So, it’s not something that popped up like a mushroom last month, but it’s been known to the industry since 1972 that this is a weak link in the design.”
Japan could have avoided this nuclear horror (Fukiko Aoki, GlobalPost)
http://www.tucsonsentinel.com/opinion/report/050311_japan_nuke_op/japan-could-have-avoided-this-nuclear-horror/
Nuclear Crisis: How It Happened / Government, TEPCO brushed off warnings from all sides (Daily Yomiuri)
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/T110611002697.htm
Nuclear Crisis: How It Happened / Safety vows forgotten, ‘safety myth’ created
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/T110614004853.htm
Japan Admits 3 Nuclear Meltdowns, More Radiation Leaked into Sea; U.S. Nuclear Waste Poses Deadly Risks (Democracy Now)
http://www.democracynow.org/2011/6/10/as_japan_nuclear_crisis_worsens_citizen
2011年6月6日月曜日
Supersonic/Electronic Weapon 不特定多数による長期にわたる原因不明の嫌がらせ（６）
2011/06/04 Slept around 7 hours. Attacked when falling asleep. Beam-like sensations between ears attacks that made me huff and others. Strange voice-like noise on the wall of the loft facing the street early in the morning. Feeling of after-concussion all day yesterday and today.
Not a harassment but a strange incident: On my way back from work, when I turned around the corner, I saw a huge group of men, 20 to 50 persons, in front of my apartment building and the moment I noticed them they started walking toward me, talking and laughing, some of them repeating, “’physical!” I took a left right before I met them and kept walking, expecting they would go straight to the main street, but they didn’t. I could tell from their voice that they turned the same corner and now walking behind me. At the next corner, although usually I take a right so that I could go back to my place from the other side of the block when followed by strange people, instinctively avoided going into darker, narrower streets and took a left, going back to the main street. The men kept going straight and seemed to have become quieter. When I went back to the starting point, three men, spreading in the width of the street, talking and laughing, came toward me. Looking down, I passed them. My place is in a boring residential area far away from the station which is in the fringe of the city of Tokyo. It is very rare to see such a big group of men walking down my neighborhood after nine p.m. on Saturday.
2011/06/05 Slept around 7 hours. Fits caused by attacks woke me up a few times during sleep. When woke up, my eyes were like blinking fluorescent light bulbs. No feeling of after-concussion.
2011/06/06 Slept about 3+3 hours. Stubbing electric shock attacks on the head which felt like a machine producing a strong magnetic field being switched on and off when I was falling asleep both times. Slight feeling of after-concussion.
Not a harassment but a strange incident: On my way back from work, when I turned around the corner, I saw a huge group of men, 20 to 50 persons, in front of my apartment building and the moment I noticed them they started walking toward me, talking and laughing, some of them repeating, “’physical!” I took a left right before I met them and kept walking, expecting they would go straight to the main street, but they didn’t. I could tell from their voice that they turned the same corner and now walking behind me. At the next corner, although usually I take a right so that I could go back to my place from the other side of the block when followed by strange people, instinctively avoided going into darker, narrower streets and took a left, going back to the main street. The men kept going straight and seemed to have become quieter. When I went back to the starting point, three men, spreading in the width of the street, talking and laughing, came toward me. Looking down, I passed them. My place is in a boring residential area far away from the station which is in the fringe of the city of Tokyo. It is very rare to see such a big group of men walking down my neighborhood after nine p.m. on Saturday.
2011/06/05 Slept around 7 hours. Fits caused by attacks woke me up a few times during sleep. When woke up, my eyes were like blinking fluorescent light bulbs. No feeling of after-concussion.
2011/06/06 Slept about 3+3 hours. Stubbing electric shock attacks on the head which felt like a machine producing a strong magnetic field being switched on and off when I was falling asleep both times. Slight feeling of after-concussion.
2011年6月3日金曜日
Class Supplement, TOEFL Essay, Should PE a required activity at school?
Writing Topic
There are people who think that physical exercise should be a required activity at school. Others argue that school should be concerned only with academic studies, and that physical exercise is something best left out of school life. Which of these views do you share? Justify your answer with specific reasons.
Let’s Think
By the expression “required activity,” the first statement means that everyone has to take PE classes. The second statement means that PE does not meet the purposes of school education and should not be included in school curriculums or should be treated as something optional or extra.
How do we decide which subject is required at school? Do we decide it based on the purpose of education, based on the purpose of school, or based on the benefits PE provides? What are the purposes and benefits of PE? What are the problems with it?
♦The purpose of education
1. To promote physical, mental, and social development of individuals.
2. To develop every individual to their full potential.
♦The purpose of school
1. To promote physical, mental, and social development of individuals.
2. To equip individuals with earning ability
♦The purposes or benefits of physical education
1. Healthy mind and body: Not only can it promote physical fitness and develop motor skills but also it can help students better concentrate on their study if they exercise moderately.
2. Healthy lifestyle: Students who are not interested in sports can learn to stay in shape and maintain a healthy lifestyle into adulthood.
3. Familiarity with some popular sports: Having some hands on experience with some popular sports will help students enjoy playing or watching them.
4. Intimacy with classmates and social skills: Playing sports or doing exercise together will help students gain intimacy with other students and develop social skills.
5. Your point:
☆Your tentative conclusion:
I think PE meets / does not meet the purpose of education/school because …
☆Sample response
I think PE meets the purpose of education and school because it promotes physical, mental, and social development of individuals.
♦The problems of physical education
1. No substantial effect: To develop and maintain physical fitness requires regular activity, while most schools have PE classes only twice or three times a week, and this is not enough for the purpose. After school sport activities such as going to gyms or participating in sports clubs actually meet the needs.
2. Obstacle to going on to college for some students: High school students who are not good at sports or who are unable to attend PE classes because of illness or injury cannot receive good grades in PE, while these grades are usually included in their GPA (Grade Point Average).
3. Your point:
Let’s Deal with Counter-arguments
A counter-argument is a bonus-point icon in an essay writing game. If you venture to take it up and deal with it successfully, your essay will jump up to the upper level and you will be awarded with a good score. On the other hand, if you fail to be aware of an inevitable counter-argument, your essay will become vulnerable to the attack on it. Your raters may regard the neglected counter-argument as a flaw in logic. Think of the debate for which you had not prepared carefully. Although you do not have to demonstrate how smart you are, as TOFFL essay writing is an English test, you may well show that you can think and write objectively in English.
Examples of Counter-arguments and Counter-counter-arguments
1. Twice or three times of PE a week is not enough for fitness. ⇔ Some work out is better than zero.
2. Most people with poor sports ability will never play sports after graduation. ⇔ Sports and health control issues are relevant in social life, so they will benefit at least from knowledge they receive in PE classes.
3. Making PE required is unfair for physically disadvantaged students in university entrance examinations because GPA includes PE grades. ⇔ Paper test results and attendance rates are considered in the evaluation, so including PE grades in GPA is not unfair.
4. For some students, PE classes are a torture because they get embarrassed in front of their classmates. ⇔ This is the same with other students who are not good at other subjects. For example, music, art, or math classes are a torture for some students. The important thing is to protect everyone’s dignity in any classes.
5. You can learn how to work as part of a team in other classes or activities as well. ⇔ You can do it more efficiently and effectively in PE classes than in any other class or activity because, in PE classes, you use your body to work with others and usually are required to move and react instantly.
☆Your final conclusion:
I think PE should be mandatory / optional because ...
For example, …
Also, …
☆A counter-argument you expect and your confirmation of your conclusion:
Some might say that …
However, …
☆Sample conclusion, counter-argument, and counter-counter-argument.
I think PE should be mandatory because it fulfills the purpose of education: to promote physical, mental, and social development of individuals.
For example, by playing basketball, you can become physically fit, learn to think quickly, and work as part of a team.
Also, you can make friends with your classmates.
Some might say that no one becomes really fit by attending PE classes only twice or three times a week.
However, working out some is better than zero, especially for people like me who are couch potatoes and never try to do any exercise afterschool. Also, not all individuals can go to gyms or join clubs after school. School physical education, which provides appropriate facilities and kits, can give opportunities to try new sports to those who have no chance to try them.
There are people who think that physical exercise should be a required activity at school. Others argue that school should be concerned only with academic studies, and that physical exercise is something best left out of school life. Which of these views do you share? Justify your answer with specific reasons.
Let’s Think
By the expression “required activity,” the first statement means that everyone has to take PE classes. The second statement means that PE does not meet the purposes of school education and should not be included in school curriculums or should be treated as something optional or extra.
How do we decide which subject is required at school? Do we decide it based on the purpose of education, based on the purpose of school, or based on the benefits PE provides? What are the purposes and benefits of PE? What are the problems with it?
♦The purpose of education
1. To promote physical, mental, and social development of individuals.
2. To develop every individual to their full potential.
♦The purpose of school
1. To promote physical, mental, and social development of individuals.
2. To equip individuals with earning ability
♦The purposes or benefits of physical education
1. Healthy mind and body: Not only can it promote physical fitness and develop motor skills but also it can help students better concentrate on their study if they exercise moderately.
2. Healthy lifestyle: Students who are not interested in sports can learn to stay in shape and maintain a healthy lifestyle into adulthood.
3. Familiarity with some popular sports: Having some hands on experience with some popular sports will help students enjoy playing or watching them.
4. Intimacy with classmates and social skills: Playing sports or doing exercise together will help students gain intimacy with other students and develop social skills.
5. Your point:
☆Your tentative conclusion:
I think PE meets / does not meet the purpose of education/school because …
☆Sample response
I think PE meets the purpose of education and school because it promotes physical, mental, and social development of individuals.
♦The problems of physical education
1. No substantial effect: To develop and maintain physical fitness requires regular activity, while most schools have PE classes only twice or three times a week, and this is not enough for the purpose. After school sport activities such as going to gyms or participating in sports clubs actually meet the needs.
2. Obstacle to going on to college for some students: High school students who are not good at sports or who are unable to attend PE classes because of illness or injury cannot receive good grades in PE, while these grades are usually included in their GPA (Grade Point Average).
3. Your point:
Let’s Deal with Counter-arguments
A counter-argument is a bonus-point icon in an essay writing game. If you venture to take it up and deal with it successfully, your essay will jump up to the upper level and you will be awarded with a good score. On the other hand, if you fail to be aware of an inevitable counter-argument, your essay will become vulnerable to the attack on it. Your raters may regard the neglected counter-argument as a flaw in logic. Think of the debate for which you had not prepared carefully. Although you do not have to demonstrate how smart you are, as TOFFL essay writing is an English test, you may well show that you can think and write objectively in English.
Examples of Counter-arguments and Counter-counter-arguments
1. Twice or three times of PE a week is not enough for fitness. ⇔ Some work out is better than zero.
2. Most people with poor sports ability will never play sports after graduation. ⇔ Sports and health control issues are relevant in social life, so they will benefit at least from knowledge they receive in PE classes.
3. Making PE required is unfair for physically disadvantaged students in university entrance examinations because GPA includes PE grades. ⇔ Paper test results and attendance rates are considered in the evaluation, so including PE grades in GPA is not unfair.
4. For some students, PE classes are a torture because they get embarrassed in front of their classmates. ⇔ This is the same with other students who are not good at other subjects. For example, music, art, or math classes are a torture for some students. The important thing is to protect everyone’s dignity in any classes.
5. You can learn how to work as part of a team in other classes or activities as well. ⇔ You can do it more efficiently and effectively in PE classes than in any other class or activity because, in PE classes, you use your body to work with others and usually are required to move and react instantly.
☆Your final conclusion:
I think PE should be mandatory / optional because ...
For example, …
Also, …
☆A counter-argument you expect and your confirmation of your conclusion:
Some might say that …
However, …
☆Sample conclusion, counter-argument, and counter-counter-argument.
I think PE should be mandatory because it fulfills the purpose of education: to promote physical, mental, and social development of individuals.
For example, by playing basketball, you can become physically fit, learn to think quickly, and work as part of a team.
Also, you can make friends with your classmates.
Some might say that no one becomes really fit by attending PE classes only twice or three times a week.
However, working out some is better than zero, especially for people like me who are couch potatoes and never try to do any exercise afterschool. Also, not all individuals can go to gyms or join clubs after school. School physical education, which provides appropriate facilities and kits, can give opportunities to try new sports to those who have no chance to try them.
Supersonic/Electronic Weapon 不特定多数による長期にわたる原因不明の嫌がらせ（６）
2011/06/02 Slept 4:00-11:00. Attacks on head and hands, giving me fits. Computer game/car blast like noise all night. Strong beam-like attacks between ears made me take up earmuffs which I had worn to escape the noise.
2011/06/03 Attacks caused flashes in my eyes when I was falling asleep in odd hours. Also, strong beam-like attacks between ears. Incessant electric attacks made me wake up around 4:30 and get up at 4:58 after having a shallow sleep for about 3 hours. Needle-like funny feelings in the bottom and legs-I’m still feeling them now while I’m typing this record at 5:13. Other attacks are to my head and hands. They gave me big fits many times. Noises in my head were loud and wavy when I woke up. Computer game/car blast like noise all night. Feel the existence of someone behind the wall when I plugged my PC and while I’m typing this. Also, felt two persons behind the wall when I got up in the loft. The funny feeling in the bottom and legs disappeared in 2 and a half hours after getting up.
Worked till 7:00 or 8:00 and went to bed again. Attacked in the head severely but fell asleep or fainted. Incessant stabbing shocks in the brain. Woke up around 14:00. Heard someone make a noise behind the wall when I stood up after I lost thought for a few seconds kneeling and drooping near the desk fixed to the wall.
2011/06/03 Attacks caused flashes in my eyes when I was falling asleep in odd hours. Also, strong beam-like attacks between ears. Incessant electric attacks made me wake up around 4:30 and get up at 4:58 after having a shallow sleep for about 3 hours. Needle-like funny feelings in the bottom and legs-I’m still feeling them now while I’m typing this record at 5:13. Other attacks are to my head and hands. They gave me big fits many times. Noises in my head were loud and wavy when I woke up. Computer game/car blast like noise all night. Feel the existence of someone behind the wall when I plugged my PC and while I’m typing this. Also, felt two persons behind the wall when I got up in the loft. The funny feeling in the bottom and legs disappeared in 2 and a half hours after getting up.
Worked till 7:00 or 8:00 and went to bed again. Attacked in the head severely but fell asleep or fainted. Incessant stabbing shocks in the brain. Woke up around 14:00. Heard someone make a noise behind the wall when I stood up after I lost thought for a few seconds kneeling and drooping near the desk fixed to the wall.
2011年6月1日水曜日
Supersonic/Electronic Weapon 不特定多数による長期にわたる原因不明の嫌がらせ（６）
2011/05/28 Slept 1:30-10:00 while woke/woken up twice, one of which kept me awake for an hour. An ultra-sound-like noise all the time. Wore earmuffs.
2011/05/29 A loud male talking voice or a TV game noise in the next room late at night for hours.
Took TOEIC and got home around 16:30. The table fixed to the wall adjacent to the next room was probably hit or kicked because it was repeatedly thrust very violently towards me sitting in front of it and doing work. Loud footsteps were also heard. It continued for 1-2 hours. My eyes were like seeing a fluorescent light bulb all through the test, so it was difficult to concentrate and read the reading materials.
At TOEIC, I noticed that many things that used to happen did not happen such as me being harassed in the elevator, somebody coughing during the test every time I take time to think when I come across a difficult question, the person sitting behind me kicking my chair or making a strange noise, etc. Though a male sitting to the left of me seemed to make a leg movement that many people have made to bother me over the past several years. The male seemed to be pleased when I stirred to concentrate every time he made that movement but I am not sure. Also, the male to the right of me kept shaking the long table we are sharing with his elbow and loudly flipping his question sheet but by the end of the test he became quiet. Proctors were also rather normal other than two males that kept watching me too long too often. There would often be extremely excited one or ones that put pressure on me during test like standing in front of or behind me for unnaturally long or step toward me when I was taking long to answer a particular question. Or some people standing in front of the venue and smoking. (Before almost always and today none.) All these things that used to occur did not happen and because of this makes me aware that things were really abnormal around me till recently.
2011/05/30 Slept 2:00-6:00 Many electric shocks. At least one big fit. Stayed in bed being unable to sleep. At 8:00 vibration from the construction site across the road. At 8:30 a door noise in 202 and someone going out. Fits in the stomach twice. Got up at 11:00.
2011/05/31 Slept 1:00-7:00 + 7:30-10:30. Had a cold or something. Terrible headache, upset stomach, dry nose, dizziness, and difficulty in breathing. Slept 11:30-15:00. Worked on test scores till 22:00. Feel better now at 0:20. A lot of noise, some bumping sound on the wall in the next room 23:30-0:00.
2011/06/01 Slept 2:00-4:30. Slept on the floor but incessantly assaulted by the electric shocks on the head. I kept ignoring but in the end a shock made a fit on my left ankle and then when I extended my left leg came another to my back. I gave up and went up to the loft but was not able to sleep so I got up.
2011/05/29 A loud male talking voice or a TV game noise in the next room late at night for hours.
Took TOEIC and got home around 16:30. The table fixed to the wall adjacent to the next room was probably hit or kicked because it was repeatedly thrust very violently towards me sitting in front of it and doing work. Loud footsteps were also heard. It continued for 1-2 hours. My eyes were like seeing a fluorescent light bulb all through the test, so it was difficult to concentrate and read the reading materials.
At TOEIC, I noticed that many things that used to happen did not happen such as me being harassed in the elevator, somebody coughing during the test every time I take time to think when I come across a difficult question, the person sitting behind me kicking my chair or making a strange noise, etc. Though a male sitting to the left of me seemed to make a leg movement that many people have made to bother me over the past several years. The male seemed to be pleased when I stirred to concentrate every time he made that movement but I am not sure. Also, the male to the right of me kept shaking the long table we are sharing with his elbow and loudly flipping his question sheet but by the end of the test he became quiet. Proctors were also rather normal other than two males that kept watching me too long too often. There would often be extremely excited one or ones that put pressure on me during test like standing in front of or behind me for unnaturally long or step toward me when I was taking long to answer a particular question. Or some people standing in front of the venue and smoking. (Before almost always and today none.) All these things that used to occur did not happen and because of this makes me aware that things were really abnormal around me till recently.
2011/05/30 Slept 2:00-6:00 Many electric shocks. At least one big fit. Stayed in bed being unable to sleep. At 8:00 vibration from the construction site across the road. At 8:30 a door noise in 202 and someone going out. Fits in the stomach twice. Got up at 11:00.
2011/05/31 Slept 1:00-7:00 + 7:30-10:30. Had a cold or something. Terrible headache, upset stomach, dry nose, dizziness, and difficulty in breathing. Slept 11:30-15:00. Worked on test scores till 22:00. Feel better now at 0:20. A lot of noise, some bumping sound on the wall in the next room 23:30-0:00.
2011/06/01 Slept 2:00-4:30. Slept on the floor but incessantly assaulted by the electric shocks on the head. I kept ignoring but in the end a shock made a fit on my left ankle and then when I extended my left leg came another to my back. I gave up and went up to the loft but was not able to sleep so I got up.
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