2026年2月15日日曜日

Writing for an Academic Discussion Should children be forced to do housework? - revised -

Question: Should children be forced to do housework? 

 

 

Let’s Think

1.        Read the following and talk about other good effects of children doing housework. What chores have you done? How have they affected you?

 

Scientists say kids doing chores helps their development   BBC 15th June 2022

“You might not be a big fan of chores but new research suggests that they can get help you develop problem solving skills and even do better in school.

The study has come from La Trobe University in Australia and was carried out with more than 200 parents and children aged 5-13.

Parents were asked about their child's engagement after doing chores.

They reported that chores helped to boost a child's executive functions: These include the ability to focus, to plan, to switch between tasks, to remember instructions and control their behavior.”

 

2.        Is it ok to force children to do something? When necessary, parents must force their children to do something. For example, they must make them take medicine when they are sick even if they resist it, while forcing them to do some activity they don’t like, say boxing or playing the piano, may be traumatic.

 

 

Hints for Points

Agree:    Chores teach children skills necessary for independence.

Chores encourage children to use their body and brain.

By doing chores, children can acquire patience, a sense of responsibility, confidence, and self-esteem.

Housework teaches children knowledge about traditional seasonal events and family cultures.

Through helping with parents, children can effectively communicate with them and bond with them.

Children will come to appreciate work done by parents and gain respect for labor in general.

 

Disagree: Forcing children to do against their will will adversely affect their development.

Children must play, study, and interact with people and nature instead of working.

Doing a simple task for hours disrupts their physical and mental health.

 

 

Sample Essay Structure

ThesisChores can be a part of education. It is important for children to be required to help with household work commensurate with their abilities unless it interferes with other crucial activities for growth, because doing chores helps children’s development in many aspects and brace them for independence.

Supporting DetailsAssigning children chores not only helps their emotional, mental, and physical development but also give them basic skills of daily life, which helps them become independent. They can learn basic domestic duties such as making beds, cleaning, washing, and cooking. There is no denying that having these skills will make their lives easier in the future than not having them.

Counterargument-treatmentDisciplining often involves compulsion, and the negative effect can be minimized or avoided by parents’ love and ingenuity such as introducing the tasks as part of play or family event. After all, disciplining will nurture patience and tenacity, which are indispensable to lead a good life.

ConclusionIt is parents’ responsibility to make children participate in doing housework so that they can function well in society when they grow up. (179 words)

 

ThesisI am concerned about exploitation and abuse in disguise of discipline when parents order their children to housework even though I admit that learning to do housework has fundamentally positive effects on children.

Supporting DetailsUnfortunately, many children are still forced to help with housework at the expense of other essential activities they need to go through for their development and even exposed to physical damage. This is not just because of poverty but because of ignorance or negligence. Parents are human beings and imperfect and thus can take advantage of their children for their convenience or pleasure. My mother made me wax the whole floor of my father’s office with bear hands alone for hours at least twice when I was around eight. I still remember the chemical smell of the wax. The chemical my hands and respiratory organs absorbed could have negatively affected my physical condition. Also, while I was doing the task, my mother spent time with my little sister. I remember feeling isolated.

Counterargument-treatmentEven though the task may have instilled me with patience and sense of responsibility, its overall gain on my development is questionable. My mother was not a bad person. In fact, she was respected and loved by her family and friends, which means that most children of average parents are vulnerable to parental ignorance, abuse, and exploitation.

ConclusionThus, prudence is necessary in assigning chores to children. (234 words)


Write your draft on this topic. Give feedback to other people’s drafts, asking questions and making suggestions.

 

 

DRAFT

 

 

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

2026年2月11日水曜日

Pre-TOEFL Reading Extra Questions

 

1.      L.3 “a place only a few shades away from being one vast insane asylum”とはどの様な場所ですか?

 

Answer: ほとんどの人が____気ではない場所

 

 

2.      2段落はじめのHowever, … によってゴヤの社会的立場は良くなりましたか?

 

Answer: 良くなった/悪くなった

 

 

3.      L.12 the fact he was named to the highest privileged position for an artist by Spain, “First Painter to the King.” factの後に省略されている単語を書いて下さい。

 

Amswer: the fact ________ he was named to the highest privileged position for an artist by Spain, “First Painter to the King.”

 

 

4.      L.13 as did many others は倒置です。通常の語順に並べ替え、和訳してください。

 

Answer: 通常の語順

              和訳

 

5.      L. 20 from が修飾しているのはどの単語ですか?

 

Answer:

 

6.      l. 20 Beyond this, とありますが、筆者がこの表現を使った理由は何ですか?

ヒント:  Beyond this, の前後(ゴヤの良い点)の差に注目してみましょう。

 

Answer:

2026年2月9日月曜日

TOEFL iBT Writing for an Academic Discussion  The involvement of parents and communities in school education - revised -

Should parents and communities play an active role in improving the quality of school education? 

 

 

 

Let’s Think

1)     In Japan, the board of education manages the education of the community. They choose textbooks, change school rules, and dismiss teachers if necessary. However, the board members are not elected from parents or community members. On the other hand, the board of education consists of anyone over the age of voting including parents, community members, and students in many states in the U.S. Which do you think is better? Why?

2)     Have you ever seen a helicopter parent or unreasonable parent who bothers teachers?

 

 

Hints for Points

Agree

1.     The concept of children as the asset of the community will be revived and this will lead to more involved citizens’ actions to require the government to provide better education for children.

2.     Parents are the most serious about providing quality education to their children.

3.     The community, rather than the government, often know what should be taught at school, so their voices should be reflected more in education.  e.g. About 100 years ago, in Taisho era, merchants of the city of Osaka felt the need of language skills in the international trade and funded to make a language school for young merchants. The school was nationalized after WWII and named Osaka University of Foreign Studies, later integrated into University of Osaka.

4.     Mind development will be accelerated.  e.g. Some communities have started support systems for learning by retiree volunteers and has improved performances of children at school.

 

Disagree

1.     Helicopter parents interrupt school education.

2.     Leaving education to specialists is the best policy. The government has the department of education and trains professionals to provide a good education.

3.     Voting is the channel to reflect citizens’ opinions.

4.     Influential entities such as strongmen or a religious group can prevent proper education.

e.g. There are people who are against girls’ education because of their faith or anachronism.

 

 

Sample Essay Structure

A        ThesisI am totally for the active role of parents and communities in school education in terms of mind development. I actually think they themselves should even directly help teaching.

Supporting DetailsThe benefit of this policy is heightened awareness and cognitive ability of the children that their exposure to various adults in the community will stimulate. For example, after-school schooling volunteers can provide children with knowledge and experiences crucial to mind development. They can teach morals, pass down community history, culture, and tradition, and present new perspectives that are not taught at school. The interactions and the organic way of nurturing will give children a sense of security and help build well-rounded personalities.

Counterargument-treatmentIt is true that too many cooks can spoil the broth as the saying goes, but it is the golden rule of a good society that youngsters are taken care of by all the older community members to raise the next generation for the continuation of the community.

ConclusionTherefore, communal involvement is vital in school education. (171 words)

 

B        ThesisI think parents and communities should play an active role in improving the quality of education, but I have a couple of caveats.

BenefitsCitizen’s involvement makes reforms appropriate, easier, and faster. Financial aid from the community for education can increase. There will be more interest in child-rearing and education among citizens as well as parents.

Caveat 1On the other hand, ideology can overwhelm reality and the school system can be disrupted. For example, children could be forced to follow unnecessary rules.

Caveat 2Also, the power structure among parents or in the community may undermine the education, leading to greater inequality.

ConclusionActive participation of the adults in education is fundamentally good, but unless it is decided to what extent parents and communities are involved in education, adverse effects may follow. (135 words)


Write your draft on this topic. Give feedback to other people’s drafts, asking questions and making suggestions.

 

 

DRAFT

 

 

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                      

2026年2月7日土曜日

TOEFL iBT Writing for an Academic Discussion  The involvement of parents and communities in school education - revised -

Should parents and communities play an active role in improving the quality of school education? 

 

 

 

Let’s Think

1)     In Japan, the board of education manages the education of the community. They choose textbooks, change school rules, and dismiss teachers if necessary. However, the board members are not elected from parents or community members. On the other hand, the board of education consists of anyone over the age of voting including parents, community members, and students in many states in the U.S. Which do you think is better? Why?

2)     Have you ever seen a helicopter parent or unreasonable parent who bother teachers and school?

 

 

Hints for Points

Agree

1.     The concept of children as the asset of the community will be revived and this will lead to more involved citizens’ actions to require the government to provide better education for children.

2.     Parents are the most serious about providing quality education to their children.

3.     The community, rather than the government, often know what should be taught at school, so their voices should be reflected more in education.  e.g. About 100 years ago, in Taisho era, merchants of the city of Osaka felt the need of language skills in the international trade and funded to make a language school for young merchants. The school was nationalized after WWII and named Osaka University of Foreign Studies, later integrated into University of Osaka.

4.     Mind development will be accelerated.  e.g. Some communities have started support systems for learning by retiree volunteers and has improved performances of children at school.

 

Disagree

1.     Helicopter parents interrupt school education.

2.     Leaving education to specialists is the best policy. The government has the department of education and trains professionals to provide a good education.

3.     Voting is the channel to reflect citizens’ opinions.

4.     Influential entities such as strong men or a religious group can prevent proper education.

e.g. There are people who are against girls’ education because of their belief.

 

 

Sample Essay Structure

A        ThesisI am totally for the active role of parents and communities in school education in terms of mind development. I actually think they themselves should even directly help teaching.

Supporting DetailsThe benefit of this policy is heightened awareness and cognitive ability of the children that their exposure to various adults in the community will stimulate. For example, after-school schooling volunteers can provide children with knowledge and experiences crucial to mind development. They can teach morals, pass down community history, culture, and tradition, and present new perspectives that are not taught at school. The interactions and the organic way of nurturing will give children a sense of security and help build well-rounded personalities.

Counterargument-treatmentIt is true that too many cooks can spoil the broth as the saying goes, but it is the golden rule of a good society that youngsters are taken care of by the adults around them to raise the next generation for the continuation of the community.

ConclusionTherefore, communal involvement is vital in school education. (170 words)

 

B        ThesisWith caveats, I think parents and communities should play an active role in improving the quality of education.

BenefitsCitizen’s involvement makes reforms appropriate, easier, and faster. Financial aid from the community for education can increase. Interest in child-rearing and education will increase among citizens as well as parents.

Caveat 1On the other hand, ideology can overwhelm reality and the school system can be disrupted such as children being forced to follow unnecessary rules.

Caveat 2Also, the power structure among parents or in the community may undermine the education, leading to greater inequality.

ConclusionActive participation of the adults in education is fundamentally good, but unless it is decided to what extent parents and communities are involved in education, adverse effects may follow. (127 words)


Write your draft on this topic. Give feedback to other people’s drafts, asking questions and making suggestions.

 

 

DRAFT