Pre-TOEFL Grammar & Writing Supplemental Materia - revised -

文語文（書き言葉）では、構文の崩れた文（形の整わない文）は非文（文法的に成立しない文）です。

 

・Sentence fragments （文の断片） 文語文には、主語(S)と述語動詞(V)が必要です。下線部は文の一部です。完全な文にするか、前後の文の一部にしましょう。

-        Bad: I like cute animals. For example, cats and rabbits.

Better: I like cute animals. For example, I like cats and rabbits.

Better: I like cute animals, such as cats and rabbits.

Better: I like cute animals like cats and rabbits.

 

-        Bad: I like cats. Because they are cute.

Better: I like cats because they are cute.

Better: I like cats. This (It) is because they are cute.

Better: I like cats. They are cute.

 

-        Bad: I like cats. Though they do not like me.

Better: I like cats though they do not like me. (Though they do not like me, I like cats.)

 

-        Bad: I take care of my pets well. So that they can live long.

Better: I take care of my pets well so that they can live long.

 

 

・Fused sentences (run-on sentences)  （無終止文）複数の文を接続詞や句読点なしで繋いだ文は、意味ごとに切り、文と文は適切な接続詞や接続詞の働きをするもので繋ぎましょう。

Bad: After school I went to see my grandmother she was sick in bed I greeted her then I served her dinner she said it was good.

Better: After school, I went to see my grandmother, who was sick in bed. I greeted her, and then I served her dinner. She said it was good.

 

 

・Comma splice （カンマ結合）カンマのみで文を繋いだ文です。2文に分けるか接続詞で繋ぎましょう。

-        Bad: The countryside provides plenty of nature and carefree people, this will nurture healthy and relaxed children.

Better: The countryside provides plenty of nature and carefree people. This will nurture healthy and relaxed children.

Better: The countryside provides plenty of nature and carefree people, and this will nurture healthy and relaxed children.

 

例外

Friendship is the most important in life, I think. （主節の挿入）

元の文は I think that friendship is the most important in life. ですが文中に挿入する際は接続詞thatは省略してカンマで挿入します。

The faster, the better. （慣用的な構文）よく使われる構文には接続詞なしで文を繋いだものがあります。