解答のポイント例 管理職につく割合の差--- Through interactions with adults, girls learn that they are expected to be quiet and reserved, while boys learn that they are supposed to be active, strong, and decisive. Because of these gender expectations, boys willingly take responsibilities in most situations and this will make it more likely for them to be given managerial jobs in the future, while girls try not to stand out and have no will to organize others, which leads them to end up in the rank and file.
創造的な職業につく割合の差--- Restraint inhibits creativity. Criticizing girls for being curious about many kinds of things and doing things in unconventional ways will make them shy away from changes and opportunities, which will prevent them from becoming creative people such as artists, scientists, inventors, or entrepreneurs. In contrast, society sets boys free to pursue their interests and develop their ideas, and therefore, more boys can grow up to be creative and successful than girls.
解答のポイント例 《biological sexual difference》difference in brain structures (difference in perceptions, thought processes, etc.), physical and physiological differences (running speed, power to lift heavy things, appetite, tolerance to alcohol, etc.)
《social gender difference》gestures, manners, speech, conversation topics, preferences in fashion or entertainment, specialties, popular occupations, etc.
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